Amorphous Silicon

Used as a thin-film semiconductor material for solar cells, thin-film transistors (TFTs) in LCD displays, and image sensors.

Amorphous silicon targets are used in physical vapor deposition to create uniform thin films for optical coatings and microelectronic devices.

Investigated as a high-capacity anode material due to its ability to accommodate lithium ions, though often engineered at the nanoscale to manage volume expansion.

Applied as a high-refractive index layer in multilayer optical interference filters and anti-reflective coatings.